Question and Answer of Chapter 9: Muslim of china

Q.1: Why didn't Ma Chang feel cut off from his fellow Muslims?
Ans: Ma Chang did not feel cut off from his fellow Muslims because there was no check on the Muslims in China. There, they were allowed to pray the way the Muslims prayed. They could observe all those rules which the Muslims throughout the world observed. They could lead their lives the way the Holy Prophet (SAW) had instructed the Muslims to lead.

Q.2: What happened in the 8th century?
Ans: In the 8th century, the Muslims armies reached the borders of China. Before China was captured, Caliph Waleed bin Abdul-Malik died and the General was killed. After death of the Caliph and General, the Muslims army made peace with the Chinese Emperor. The army turned back but left some Muslims in China who were allowed by the Emperor to live there peacefully.

Q.3: How did the Muslim merchants reach China and where did they settle?
Ans: The Muslim merchants reached China by sea. They settled in big ports.

Q.4: Who was Ibn-e-Batuta and when did he reach China?
Ans:  Ibn-e-Batuta was a very great Arab traveler. He reached China in 14th century. He liked the country very much. He praised the good government of China and its five roads in his book which he wrote about his travels.

Q.5: When was people's Republic of China set up?
Ans: People's Republic of China was set up in 1949. It was set up in Peking. It was a communist government.

Q.6: Who was Yang and how did his mother teach him a lesson?
Ans:  Yang was a poor boy.His father died when he was only three years old. His mother weaved cloth which she used to sell so that her son could get good education. When one day she saw that her son had run away from school, she cut into pieces the cloth which she had been weaving for several days. On his asking, the mother told him that he would not be so sad at spoiling the cloth as she was at his leaving the school. These words of his mother affected him so much that wen back to school at once and started working hard.

Q.7: How did Chang help his father in the field?
Ans: Chang helped his father in the field by spending a lot of his time there.He worked hard in the field so that they could have a great yield. He took care of the young shoots and the leaves of the beans, peas, tomatoes and potatoes which had just sprouted.

Q.8: Where is the Yellow River and why is it named so?
Ans: The Yellow River is in China. It is the second longest river in Asia and the sixth longest in the word. Its estimated length is 5464 kilometers. It is called the Yellow River because it brings with it a great deal of yellow mug which deposited in the plain.

Q.9: Name the famous crops of China?
Ans: The famous crops of China are corn, rice, soya beans are millet etc. Corn is the main crop of northern China where rice is very expensive. Rice is the main crop grown mainly in southern portion of China. Crops grow in abundance in China on account of having yellow mud which the Yellow River carries along with it.

Q.10: Where is the Great Wall of China situated and what are its dimensions?
Ans:  The Great Wall of China is situated along the northern border of China. It is made of bricks and stones. It is about 30 feet high and 13 fee wide. There are watch-towers for the soldiers to keep watch on enemies.

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Question and Answer of Chapter 8: Tobacco And Your Health

Q.1: What is the warning written of the package of cigarette?
Ans: The package of cigarette contains warning against smoking. It says that smoking is injurious to health. Every government tries to make people aware of the danger affects of smoking. For this purpose it bounds the cigarette maker to write on each package that smoking causes damage to health.

Q.2: Who did not know about the dangers of cigarette smoking?
Ans: The people of the past did not know about the dangers of cigarette smoking. They did not know that the smoke from tobacco contains poisonous substances which are injurious to health. It was not in their knowledge that chewing tobacco was as harmful as smoking tobacco.

Q.3: How does tobacco damage health?
Ans: Tobacco damages health in many ways. The heart beat of smoker is fast. His blood pressure is high. Tobacco replaces a portion of oxygen in blood by carbon monoxide which is a dangerous gas. Tobacco contains nicotine which make the blood vessel narrower.

Q.4: Name the three most dangerous substances in cigarette?
Ans: The three most dangerous substances in cigarette are nicotine, carbon monoxide and tar. Nicotine reduces the flow of blood in the body. Carbon monoxide lowers the oxygen level in blood. Tar damages lung tissues.

Q.5: Why do the blood vessels become narrower?
Ans: The blood vessels become narrower because of nicotine. Tobacco contains nicotine which make the blood vessels narrow and narrow. When the blood vessels become narrower, more pressure falls on the heart to pump blood through the body.

Q.6: What lower the oxygen level in a smoker's body?
Ans: Carbon monoxide lowers the oxygen level in a smoker's body. It is very harmful gas. It replaces part of the oxygen in blood.

Q.7: In what way a smoker suffers from Chronic Bronchitis?
Ans:  Chronic Bronchitis is a lung disease. A smoker suffers from this disease when the smoke affects the lining of bronchial tubes. As a result, the tubes produce too much mucus which blocks the air tubes. In order to get rid of it, the smoker coughs a lot.

Q.8: What is the second cause of death among smokers?
Ans: Lung cancer is the second cause of death among smokers. It is very dangerous disease. The only treatment of it is to remove all or part of the diseased lung.

Q.9: Why do smoker's find it difficult to quit this bad habit?
Ans:  Smoker's find it difficult to quit this bad habit because of the presence of nicotine in tobacco. Nicotine is an oily substance which causes physical dependence. The smoker's bodies become very much used to this substance. Its lack causes nervous reaction. Thus it is not easy for smoker's to quit smoking.

Q.10: How does a non-smoker get affected by smoking?
Ans: When a smoker smokes, about two thirds of the smoke form his cigarette spreads in the air around the smoker. When a non-smoker breathes that smoke in, his body is affected the same as that of the smoker. Medical experts have reached the conclusion that those who live in the company of smokers have a greater risk of getting lung cancer.

Q.11: Why do many countries prohibit smoking at public places?
Ans: Many countries prohibit smoking at public places in order to save the non-smoker's from the danger of smoking. It is a fact that when a non-smoker breathes in the smoke emitted by a smoker, his body is affected the same as that of the smoker. So, it is a sensible action to ban smoking at public places.

Q.12: What is the international No Smoking Symbol?
Ans: The international No Smoking Symbol is that of a picture of burning cigarette with a single or double line drawn across it.

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Question and Answer of Chapter 7: Hazrat Umar Farooq (RA)

Q.1: What was the foremost concern of Hazrat Umar (RA)?
Ans: Generous service to humanity was the foremost concern of Hazrat Umar (RA). He wandered about at night in order to know about the condition of his subjects. He helped the poor and the needy.

Q.2: How did he come to know that the children were hungry?
Ans: He often roamed about during the night in order to know about the condition of his subjects. Once, while he was roaming outside Medina, he heard two children crying. One inquiry, the mother of the children told him that her children were weeping because they had not eaten anything. Thus Hazrat Umar (RA) came to know that the children were hungry.

Q.3: What did the Caliph do to feed the hungry family?
Ans: The Caliph went back to Madina.He took a bag of flour and carried it to the woman's house on his back. He then cooked the food himself for the children.He fed them and did not leave the place till their appetite was not satisfied.

Q.4: Why did he apologize to the woman?
Ans: He apologized to the woman because he thought that it was due to his negligence that the children were without food. He was a responsible ruler. He considered it his duty to be aware of the condition of his subjects.

Q.5: Why was the Caliph not eating wheat bread?
Ans: The Caliph knew that there was scarcity of wheat in his kingdom. The available wheat could not fulfill the demand of all the people. It was not available to each and every person of the kingdom. That is why the Caliph was not eating the wheat bread.

Q.6: What according to the Caliph, was his duty towards his people?
Ans: According to the Caliph, he did not consider himself a ruler who enslaves his subjects instead, he considered himself a servant of Allah and His people. He had made it his duty to make his subjects happy and comfortable.

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Question and Answer of Chapter 6: The Income-Tax Man

Q.1: What is the author's first impression on the visitor?
Ans: The author's first impression was that the visitor was a business man. He thought that the visitor had come there to open a shop in their neighborhood.

Q.2: Who is the narrator?
Ans:  Actually, Mark Twin is the narrator. Here in this essay he has presented himself a business man. He is under the misconception that the visitor is also a business man. But unlike, the visitor is an assessor of income tax department.

Q.3: What is unusual about the opening part of the story? Does it contain any hidden implication?
Ans: The opening part of the essay is unusual in the sense that it is ambiguous. The narrator thinks that the visitor is a business man who has come to open a shop in their neighborhood. But actually the visitor is an assessor. The hidden implication is that whatever the narrator should have kept secret, he is unknowingly disclosing it.

Q.4: Why did he start asking the stranger about his business?
Ans: The visitor told the author that he was an assessor. The author did not know the meaning of the word 'assessor'. He was of the opinion that the stranger was a business man. He thought that the man was opening a shop in their neighborhood. That is why he started asking him about his business.

Q.5: Is the author against paying taxes or criticizing the people who do not pay texes?
Ans: Actually, the author want to criticize those people who do not pay taxes. In this essay he says that in order to escape taxes, people do not show their real assets or income which they have.

Q.6: Why did the author call his cook and say, "Hold me while is faint"?
Ans: While leaving, the stranger handed the author a large envelope. When the author opened it, he saw a form there which described the income of the author as well as the huge income tax which he was bound to pay. That made him so sad that he was about to lose his senses. That is why he called his cook and told him to hold him as he was going to faint.

Q.7: In what way was the author able to save income tax?
Ans:  The author was able to save income tax by visiting a very rich man who did not pay any tax. The man took the author's papers and made some calculations. He wrote down falsely state, national and city taxes which the writer has paid. Then he mentioned the losses due to flood, fire and so many other losses which he had suffered. Thus the author had been shown a person whose annual income was only one thousand, two hundred and fifty dollars.

Q.8: What did the envelope contain?
Ans: The envelope contained a form having a long list of questions. All the questions were related to the author's private affairs. The forma also contained a report showing his income which he received from different sources. Lastly, it contained the income tax which the author had to submit in the government treasury.

Q.9: What is your impression of the,"very best of the rich men of the city"?
Ans: The above phrase means that the rich people ware considered the best one. They are given great respect. They are given preference over poor people. They themselves consider themselves superior to common people. But when the question of income tax arises, these people commit tax evasion by showing themselves poor. They show big losses in their business.

Q.10: What is the essence of the title?
Ans: The title of the essay it "The Income-Tax Man". Tax is the amount of money which people pay to the government according to the level of their income. People, all over the world, try to escape income tax. For this purpose they do not show their real income or other valuable things which they have in their possession.

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Question and Answer of Chapter 5: Begum Rana Liaqat Ali Khan

Q.1: When did Begum Liaqat Ali Khan learn to care for others?
Ans:  Begum Liaqat Ali Khan learn to care for others at a sanatorium in Almora. There she used to go with her mother and see the critical patients. the miserable conditions of those patients softened her heart and thus she started caring for others.

Q.2: Why did she accompany her husband to Quaid-i-Azam's residence?
Ans:  She accompanied her husband to Quaid-i-Azam's residence in order to request him to return to India. At that time, Quaid-i-Azam was residing in London. Begum Liaqat Ali Khan, in the company of her husband, made a request to Quaid-i-Azam to resume his leadership so that Muslims of India were properly guided.

Q.3: What did Quaid-i-Azam say to her in 1942?
Ans:  Quaid-i-Azam told her in 1942 that she should take the responsibility of training the women. He told her that Islam is not in favor of confining woman to her home. She is allowed to go out to contribute to human progress.

Q.4: Why did she call upon women to collect food and medical supplies?
Ans:  She wanted that women should work side by side with men to help the oppressed people of the society. In 1947, when the refugees crossed the new boundary and came to Pakistan, they suffered from many diseases like cholera, diarrhea and smallpox. Their condition was pitiable. In order to help these helpless people, she called up women to collect food and medical supplies for them.

Q.5: How did Liaqat Ali Khan praise his wife?
Ans:  Liaqat Ali Khan praised his wife by telling a political rally in Karachi that his wife took the people of Pakistan to work in the refugee camps. He further told them that it was his wife who led the women of Pakistan to work as nurses.

Q.6: What is APWA and when was it founded?
Ans:  APWA stands for All Pakistan Women's Association. The purpose of this association was to deal with such national crisis which could prove dangerous to the country. it was founded in 1949.

Q.7: Who was the first woman delegate to the United Nations?
Ans:  Begum Liaqat Ali Khan was the first woman delegate to the United Nations. Beside this, she was the first woman ambassador of Pakistan. As an ambassador she represented Pakistan in the Netherlands, Italy and Tunisia. Again she remained and elected Governor of Sindh from 1973 to 1976.

Q.8: To which countries was she the designate ambassador?
Ans:  She was the designate ambassador toe the Netherlands, Italy and Tunisia.

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Question and Answers of Chapter 4: Population Explosion in Pakistan

Q.1: What do you understand by overpopulation?
Ans: Overpopulation means when the resources are less than the number of people in the area. In that case, it becomes difficult for the people to meet their needs within the limited resources.

Q.2:What problem Pakistan if facing since its inception?
Ans: Pakistan is facing a number of problems since its inception. The most important among them are illiteracy, poverty, pollution, unemployment, terrorism, price hike, corruption and government instability etc. The remedy of all these problems lie in controlling the increase in population.

Q.3: What was the population of Pakistan in 1947?
Ans:  The population of Pakistan was 33 millions in 1947.

Q.4: What is meant by birth rate and how does it effect the population of country?
Ans: Birth rate means the number of births per year per thousand people of the population of a place. In Pakistan, the birth rate is very high. This high birth rate harms the economy of a country. In that case it becomes very difficult for a country to meet the growing needs of the huge population with its insufficient resources.

Q.5: How has life expectancy increased?
Ans: Life expectancy has increased because science has made astonishing progress in the field  of medicine. Now-a-days almost all diseases are curable. Thus the use of modern and improved health technology has very much increased life expectancy.

Q.6: How is economic growth hampered by overpopulation?
Ans:  Economic growth is badly hampered by overpopulation. the immense increase in population decreases  the purchasing power of the people. The investment in a country suffer a lot where the demand for the good decreases. Such a poor economy leads to closing of factories which results in joblessness, poverty, lawlessness and corruption.

Q.7: How can education play a key role in solving the problem of overpopulation?
Ans: Education can play a key role in solving the problem of overpopulation. By making people aware of the adverse effects of overpopulation will help in decreasing the problem. The people should be made aware that in order to make Pakistan a prosperous state, overpopulation must be reduced. As most of the people in our country are illiterate, the problem of overpopulation is becoming serious year by year.

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Question and Answer of Chapter 3: After Twenty Years

Q.1: Describe the scene in the beginning of the story?
Ans: A policeman can be seen on duty in an area. He is on foot patrol. It is 10 p.m. The cold wind is blowing. The area, where the policeman is performing his duty, seems deserted. Almost all the shops are closed.

Q.2: Was the place a business center only?
Ans: The place was a business center, of course. But it does not seem the business center only. Most shops were business places as the author says that the majority of the door belonged to business places. The author has mentioned a cigar store and an all-right lunch counter. It shows that besides a business place, it provided common items of eats and drinks also.

Q.3: What kind of character does the story "After Twenty Years" have?
Ans:  There are three characters in the story "After Twenty Years". One is Bob who is a true and sincere friend. He want to fulfill his promise at any cost. His friend Jimmy Wells has joined the police department. the two friends meet each other after twenty years. Bob does not know that the man in the police uniform is his old friend Jimmy Wells. Jimmy is dutiful and honest person. He gives preference to duty over friendship. The third character who comes to arrest Bob is also a police officer. He is dressed in plain clothes. He is sent by Jimmy Wells to arrest Bob.

Q.4: What is most significant happening in the story to be analyzed?
Ans: The most significant happening in the story is when Jimmy Wells sends a police officer in plain clothes to arrest Bob. He comes near Bob and pretends to be his old friend Jimmy Wells. The two starts up the street arm in arm. Near a drug store, Bob see the face of the other man.he Stop suddenly and releases his hand because the other man is not his old friend Jimmy.

  
Q.5: What is the climax of the story "After Twenty Years"?
Ans: The climax of the story "After Twenty Years" is when Bob sees that eh man he is talking to is not his friend. Actually, the man is a police officer in plain clothes. he gives Bob a letter from Jimmy. Bob learns from the letter that the police officer whom he met earlier was Jimmy, his old friend.

Q.6: How would you describe Jimmy and Bob's personalities in the story?
Ans:  Jimmy and Bob are close friends. Jimmy is a police officer whom we see on his routine patrol duty. He is a dutiful as well as an honest officer. When he comes to know that his friend is wanted in Chicago, he does not have the courage to arrest him himself. He sends another policeman who arrest Bob. As far as Bob is concerned, he is man having pale face. He is fond of smoking cigars. He want to collect money. For this he is ready to commit crimes. He is a true friend. He want to fulfill his promise at any cost.

Q.7: The ending of "After Twenty Years" fill the reader with poignancy, (Strong effect of feeling -sad) making the story effective. Discuss?
Ans:  The reader expects that Bob and Jimmy Wells, the two close friends, would meet each other after long separation. they would share their experiences of the past twenty years. But instead, the ending of the story fill him with poignancy when one of the friends is arrested by police. In spite of the tragic end, the author makes the story very effective. Bob is not arrested by Jimmy Wells directly. he sends another police officer to arrest him.

Q.8: How does the writer prepare for the end of the story?
Ans:  The writer prepares for the end of the story contrary to the expectations of the readers. The story begins very interestingly. Two close friends Bob and Jimmy meet each other after twenty years. Bob does not recognize Jimmy in the police uniform. After Jimmy's departure, another police officer in plain clothes comes whom Bob considers to be his Jimmy. The police officer arrests Bob because he is wanted in Chicago.

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Question and Answer of Chapter 2: The Caliph and the Gardner

Q.1: What did the merchant bring to sell?
Ans:  The merchant brought some diamonds and pearls to sell. He offered these diamonds and pearls to Al Mansour, the Caliph of Cordova, for sale. The Caliph like the jewels and so paid a large sum of money to the merchant.

Q.2: What happened to the merchant's bag of money?
Ans: While the merchant was taking a bath in the river, an eagle appeared and took away the bag of money. It flew in the air with the bag of money in its claws. It flew towards the far off mountain and was out of sight very soon.

Q.3: Why couldn't the merchant get back hi bag of gold?
Ans:  The merchant could not get back his bag of gold because it was taken away by an eagle towards far off mountains. The merchant shouted again and again but all in vain. The eagle flew high into the air and very soon it was out of sight.

Q.4: Why did the merchant come to Al mansour after a year? 
Ans:  The merchant had lost the money, given to him by Al Mansour, for his diamonds and pearls. After that he was in a very miserable condition. After a year he came to Al Mansour with a few jewels which he had reserved as a present for his wife. He wanted to receive some money for the jewels which he presented to Al Mansour.

Q.5: What action did Al Mansour take on hearing the incidence?
Ans: On hearing the incidence, Al Mansour called ten of his officers. He ordered them to go on their horsebacks  towards the Black Mountains. He asked them to inform all the old men, living on the mountains or in the plain area around, to pay him a visit after a week.

Q.6: What did the people tell Al Mansour and what were his orders?
Ans:  A few people told Al Mansour that there was a gardener in their neighborhood who had recently been favored by good luck. At this Al mansour ordered that the Gardner should be brought before him the next day. The merchant was also ordered to appear before him the same day.

Q.7: What did the Gardner tell Al Mansour?
Ans:  The gardner told Al Mansour that a year ago when he was working in hi garden, he happened to see something fall at the foot of a palm tree. he ran towards it. On picking it up, he was surprised to see that it was a bag full of jewels.

Q.8: What did Al Mansour decide about the bag of gold?
Ans:  Al Mansour handed over the bag of gold to its real master, the merchant. he even gave ten pieces of gold to the merchant which the gardener had taken out the bag and spent.

Q.9: How was the merchant rewarded? 
Ans:  The merchant was given back the bag of money. He was also given the ten pieces of gold by Al Mansour which the gardner had taken out of it and spent on buying the necessary items for his family.

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Question and Answers of Chapter 1:Hazrat Muhammad (SAW)

Q.1: What are the two sayings of the Holy Prophet (SAW)?
Ans: The first saying of the Holy Prophet (SAW) is that one should not follow the rule of 'tit for tat'. It is not a good policy to treat people as they treat you. The best policy is to be good to those who are good to you. They should not be inflicted in any case. The second saying is that a person should not break relation with people and that he should be good even to those who are cruel to him.

Q.2: What did the Prophet (SAW) tell Abu Bakr (RA) on his response to the man?
Ans: The Prophet (SAW) told Abu Bakr (RA) that as long as he remained silent, God's angel gave answer on his behalf. But as soon as he showed anger at the man an gave answers to him, the angel went away.

Q.3: The Holy Prophet (SAW) kept waiting for three days. Elaborate the importance?
Ans: The Holy Prophet (SAW) kept waiting for three days shows that our Prophet (SAW) gave importance to the fulfillment of promise. He could not think of breaching of his promise with somebody. If he made a promise with someone, he would fulfill it at any cost.

Q.4: Why did Zaid (RA) decide to stay with Hazrat Muhammad (SAW)?
Ans: Hazrat Zaid (RA) decided to stay with Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) Because he was greatly influenced by his sublime character. During hi stay with the Holy Prophet (SAW), he noted such great qualities in the character of the Prophet (SAW) which he could not expect to be present in any other human being. In his opinion, there was none in the universe who was superior  to Hazrat Muhammad (SAW).

Q.5: How did the Jew accept Islam?
Ans: Once a Jew kept the Holy Prophet (SAW) in his custody on account of not returning his debt. Being the ruler of Medina, the Holy Prophet (SAW) could take measures against the Jew, but he did not do so. He even forbade his companions who wanted to rebuke the Jew. The tolerance and forbearance which  the Holy Prophet (SAW) showed on that occasion had such a deep effect on the Jew that he at once accepted Islam.

Q.6: What did the Holy Prophet (SAW) say about brotherhood among Muslims?
 Ans: The Holy Prophet (SAW) said about brotherhood that every Muslim should be truly a brother to every other Muslim. They are all equal. The Arabs have no preference over the non-Arabs, and the non-Arabs have no preference over the Arabs.

Q.7: Who should we treat servants?
Ans: Servant should be treated kindly. The master should feed them with such food as they eat themselves. Moreover, they should clothe them with such clothes which they wears themselves. If they commit a crime or fault which is hard to be forgiven, they should be asked to leave the place. They should not be treated cruelly in an case.

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