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A Road Accident

Last month a very sad accident took place in front of our school. I was coming home from school on my bicycle. One of my class fellows, Aqil, was also going home on his motorcycle. He was driving the motorcycle with full speed. The motorcycle became out of his control on a blind corner. It struck against a car which was coming from the opposite direction. It turned turtle and Aqil Fell down on the road.
I stopped my bicycle and ran towards him. H crowd gathered on the spot. Aqil had received serious injuries. Blood was flowing from his mouth and head. He was unconscious. He was soon taken to the hospital. The doctor on duty attended him. His head was bandaged. All his wounds were dressed carefully. After half an hour Aqil came to his senses. Luckily he was out of danger. I thanked Allah  his was saved. I rang up his father who came to the hospital in an instant. After two days he was discharged with direction to take complete bed rest for a week.

Posted By: Wasim Javed 

Analysis of the problem

Like the my older post of definition of a problem, by which we can get the basic understanding to it, analysis of the problem is also required. Once a problem has been defined, it must be properly analyzed. By this, we mean that definition of a problem is made as whole whereas the analysis is done in such a way that a problem is divided into various parts called sub-problem and each of these sub-problems are properly arranged in such a way that the sub-problem solution in that specific arrangement of each problem will lead to the overall solution of the main problem.
Analysis of the problem has a lot of advantages. If the problem is analyzed, the problem solver can make his / her logic according to that analysis. Analysis of the problem means looking the problem from each and every angle and finding out some type of initial gateway to its solution that will be the best of all the solutions. Analysis of the problem is just like factorizing a mathematical equation to find out its solution. A mathematical problem which cannot be solved without factorization can be solved when it is correctly factorized. Similarly a hug and complicated problem can be solved with correct logic or wisdom when it is analyzed properly and accurately.
Another example of analysis of a problem may be given like we have a bundle of sticks which has to be broken. Now in this case, if a large number of sticks are tied in that bundle, it will too much difficult to break it as a whole. Now the statement of the problem is "To break the sticks in the bundle in any way:. Proper analysis will soon result into the idea to unite the sticks and break them one by one.

It mus be kept in mind that if we properly understand the problem i.e we can successfully define the problem and we have certain logic or wisdom in our mind by which we can analyze and solve the defined problem, only then we shall be able to solve the problem computationally by means of computer program. A computer is having hardware and software that can perform useful operations, even though a computer is being instructed by its programmer and following these programmer instructions, it solves problems. If someone does not have a correct definition and analysis of certain problem, he/she has no logical basis to solve it then he/she cannot give it to the computer to solve it. The output obtained from the steps of problem definition and analysis is the logic of the programmer and it is more important than typing a program or writing a program. A lot of time and hard work is needed to make the logic of programming efficient and the best. For this, most experienced programmers give 90% of their time and effort for improvement of the logic of their programs.

Posted By: Wasim Javed

Problem Solving

Whenever we are writing a computer program, our purpose is to solve a problem computationally. So the basic purpose of computer programming is solution of our daily life problems of different areas. This process of programming or problem solving is not just typing a program and then checking its output rather it is a process in which multiple steps fare involved. Our computer programming to solve a program consists of a number of steps which can be described one by one.

Defining the problem:
Problem definition is an important aspect problem solving whether that my be the computer field or any other field. By defining the problem one understand that what input or data has been given and what type of output is required. By this understanding one can get the initial point from where the solution to the problem can be found.
It must be kept in mind that problem definition is a very important step because the way we understand a problem starts right from this step. If a problem is clearly and correctly defined, the solution is highly simplified. One the other hand if some failure occurs in the definition of the problem, the entire solution becomes doubtful and complicated. This problem definition is a statement which is stated correctly, makes it easier to the problem solver how to solve it.

Posted By: Wasim Javed

Essay A House on fire

Last Tuesday I was coming from school when I saw clouds so smoke near my house. I ran towards the spot. When I reached there, I saw that a house was on fire. It was terrible sight.
Many people had gathered there. The men in the house were crying for help. The fire was spreading. We all tried our best to put out the fire. Some of us threw buckets of water on it. Others threw sand and dust on it. Some brave men passed through the smoke and brought out small children and valuable things. It was very difficult for us to control the fire. No one knew what to do. It was a critical situation because the flames were rising high and high.
A good idea came to my mind. I ran to house and rang up the fire brigade. The fire brigade arrived there in fifteen minutes. The staff of the fire brigade fought bravely with the flames. Some of them laid water pipes and began to throw water on the spreading flames. Others brought out the inmates of the house. Though they received severe burn injuries but they did not care. At last, the fire was extinguished in half an hour. It did a great damage to the house. Clothes, furniture and other valuable articles were burnt. But thanks God that there was no loss of human life. On inquiry it was found that the leakage of gas cylinder was the cause of the fire.

Posted By: Wasim Javed

Question and Answer of Chapter 9: Muslim of china

Q.1: Why didn't Ma Chang feel cut off from his fellow Muslims?
Ans: Ma Chang did not feel cut off from his fellow Muslims because there was no check on the Muslims in China. There, they were allowed to pray the way the Muslims prayed. They could observe all those rules which the Muslims throughout the world observed. They could lead their lives the way the Holy Prophet (SAW) had instructed the Muslims to lead.

Q.2: What happened in the 8th century?
Ans: In the 8th century, the Muslims armies reached the borders of China. Before China was captured, Caliph Waleed bin Abdul-Malik died and the General was killed. After death of the Caliph and General, the Muslims army made peace with the Chinese Emperor. The army turned back but left some Muslims in China who were allowed by the Emperor to live there peacefully.

Q.3: How did the Muslim merchants reach China and where did they settle?
Ans: The Muslim merchants reached China by sea. They settled in big ports.

Q.4: Who was Ibn-e-Batuta and when did he reach China?
Ans:  Ibn-e-Batuta was a very great Arab traveler. He reached China in 14th century. He liked the country very much. He praised the good government of China and its five roads in his book which he wrote about his travels.

Q.5: When was people's Republic of China set up?
Ans: People's Republic of China was set up in 1949. It was set up in Peking. It was a communist government.

Q.6: Who was Yang and how did his mother teach him a lesson?
Ans:  Yang was a poor boy.His father died when he was only three years old. His mother weaved cloth which she used to sell so that her son could get good education. When one day she saw that her son had run away from school, she cut into pieces the cloth which she had been weaving for several days. On his asking, the mother told him that he would not be so sad at spoiling the cloth as she was at his leaving the school. These words of his mother affected him so much that wen back to school at once and started working hard.

Q.7: How did Chang help his father in the field?
Ans: Chang helped his father in the field by spending a lot of his time there.He worked hard in the field so that they could have a great yield. He took care of the young shoots and the leaves of the beans, peas, tomatoes and potatoes which had just sprouted.

Q.8: Where is the Yellow River and why is it named so?
Ans: The Yellow River is in China. It is the second longest river in Asia and the sixth longest in the word. Its estimated length is 5464 kilometers. It is called the Yellow River because it brings with it a great deal of yellow mug which deposited in the plain.

Q.9: Name the famous crops of China?
Ans: The famous crops of China are corn, rice, soya beans are millet etc. Corn is the main crop of northern China where rice is very expensive. Rice is the main crop grown mainly in southern portion of China. Crops grow in abundance in China on account of having yellow mud which the Yellow River carries along with it.

Q.10: Where is the Great Wall of China situated and what are its dimensions?
Ans:  The Great Wall of China is situated along the northern border of China. It is made of bricks and stones. It is about 30 feet high and 13 fee wide. There are watch-towers for the soldiers to keep watch on enemies.

Posted By: Wasim Javed  

A village Fair

Every year a fair is held in Faqir Abad with great pomp and show in the month of March. This fair is held in the memory of Saint. People from far and wide participate in it.
This year I went to see the fair in the company of my friends. When we reached there, we saw thousands of people who had come from the neighboring villages. They included men, women and children. They were all dressed in beautiful clothes.
Temporary shops or stalls were set up where set up where cheap articles of daily use were available. Girls and women were purchasing ear-rings, bangles and other articles. Children were attracted by the toys. A large number of people were seen buying sweets from different sweet shops. Other shops were set up where the most commonly used cloth was available. The teashops were the most favorite spots. A large number of people were sitting in front of these shops.
When we moved to another side, I saw a juggler who was amusing the people with his clever tricks. His tricks were really marvelous. In the midst of a crowd, I saw a snake-charmer. He was playing on his flute pipe. Before his flute were dancing some serpents. It was really a very interesting sight.
In the afternoon, we saw a very interesting football match played at the High School Ground. When the evening came, the people began to disperse. Everybody was in a hurry to return home. Most of the people were carrying something to their houses. I enjoyed this fair very much. I felt very tired on that day but i enjoyed this delightful fair to my heart's content.

Posted By: Wasim Javed

Question and Answer of Chapter 8: Tobacco And Your Health

Q.1: What is the warning written of the package of cigarette?
Ans: The package of cigarette contains warning against smoking. It says that smoking is injurious to health. Every government tries to make people aware of the danger affects of smoking. For this purpose it bounds the cigarette maker to write on each package that smoking causes damage to health.

Q.2: Who did not know about the dangers of cigarette smoking?
Ans: The people of the past did not know about the dangers of cigarette smoking. They did not know that the smoke from tobacco contains poisonous substances which are injurious to health. It was not in their knowledge that chewing tobacco was as harmful as smoking tobacco.

Q.3: How does tobacco damage health?
Ans: Tobacco damages health in many ways. The heart beat of smoker is fast. His blood pressure is high. Tobacco replaces a portion of oxygen in blood by carbon monoxide which is a dangerous gas. Tobacco contains nicotine which make the blood vessel narrower.

Q.4: Name the three most dangerous substances in cigarette?
Ans: The three most dangerous substances in cigarette are nicotine, carbon monoxide and tar. Nicotine reduces the flow of blood in the body. Carbon monoxide lowers the oxygen level in blood. Tar damages lung tissues.

Q.5: Why do the blood vessels become narrower?
Ans: The blood vessels become narrower because of nicotine. Tobacco contains nicotine which make the blood vessels narrow and narrow. When the blood vessels become narrower, more pressure falls on the heart to pump blood through the body.

Q.6: What lower the oxygen level in a smoker's body?
Ans: Carbon monoxide lowers the oxygen level in a smoker's body. It is very harmful gas. It replaces part of the oxygen in blood.

Q.7: In what way a smoker suffers from Chronic Bronchitis?
Ans:  Chronic Bronchitis is a lung disease. A smoker suffers from this disease when the smoke affects the lining of bronchial tubes. As a result, the tubes produce too much mucus which blocks the air tubes. In order to get rid of it, the smoker coughs a lot.

Q.8: What is the second cause of death among smokers?
Ans: Lung cancer is the second cause of death among smokers. It is very dangerous disease. The only treatment of it is to remove all or part of the diseased lung.

Q.9: Why do smoker's find it difficult to quit this bad habit?
Ans:  Smoker's find it difficult to quit this bad habit because of the presence of nicotine in tobacco. Nicotine is an oily substance which causes physical dependence. The smoker's bodies become very much used to this substance. Its lack causes nervous reaction. Thus it is not easy for smoker's to quit smoking.

Q.10: How does a non-smoker get affected by smoking?
Ans: When a smoker smokes, about two thirds of the smoke form his cigarette spreads in the air around the smoker. When a non-smoker breathes that smoke in, his body is affected the same as that of the smoker. Medical experts have reached the conclusion that those who live in the company of smokers have a greater risk of getting lung cancer.

Q.11: Why do many countries prohibit smoking at public places?
Ans: Many countries prohibit smoking at public places in order to save the non-smoker's from the danger of smoking. It is a fact that when a non-smoker breathes in the smoke emitted by a smoker, his body is affected the same as that of the smoker. So, it is a sensible action to ban smoking at public places.

Q.12: What is the international No Smoking Symbol?
Ans: The international No Smoking Symbol is that of a picture of burning cigarette with a single or double line drawn across it.

Posted By: Wasim Javed

Question and Answer of Chapter 7: Hazrat Umar Farooq (RA)

Q.1: What was the foremost concern of Hazrat Umar (RA)?
Ans: Generous service to humanity was the foremost concern of Hazrat Umar (RA). He wandered about at night in order to know about the condition of his subjects. He helped the poor and the needy.

Q.2: How did he come to know that the children were hungry?
Ans: He often roamed about during the night in order to know about the condition of his subjects. Once, while he was roaming outside Medina, he heard two children crying. One inquiry, the mother of the children told him that her children were weeping because they had not eaten anything. Thus Hazrat Umar (RA) came to know that the children were hungry.

Q.3: What did the Caliph do to feed the hungry family?
Ans: The Caliph went back to Madina.He took a bag of flour and carried it to the woman's house on his back. He then cooked the food himself for the children.He fed them and did not leave the place till their appetite was not satisfied.

Q.4: Why did he apologize to the woman?
Ans: He apologized to the woman because he thought that it was due to his negligence that the children were without food. He was a responsible ruler. He considered it his duty to be aware of the condition of his subjects.

Q.5: Why was the Caliph not eating wheat bread?
Ans: The Caliph knew that there was scarcity of wheat in his kingdom. The available wheat could not fulfill the demand of all the people. It was not available to each and every person of the kingdom. That is why the Caliph was not eating the wheat bread.

Q.6: What according to the Caliph, was his duty towards his people?
Ans: According to the Caliph, he did not consider himself a ruler who enslaves his subjects instead, he considered himself a servant of Allah and His people. He had made it his duty to make his subjects happy and comfortable.

Posted By: Wasim Javed